The law states that business websites must be accessible to disabled users. The evolution of judicial activism in Indian legal system: a critique

The definition of “judicial activism” is an intense ongoing debate. Judicial activism is “a philosophy of judicial decision-making whereby judges allow their personal views about public policy, among other factors, to guide their decisions, usually with the suggestion that adherents of this philosophy tend to find constitutional violations and are willing to ignore precedent.” To others, judicial activism implies going beyond the normal constraints applied to jurists and the Constitution gives jurists the right to strike down any legislation or rule against any precedent if it goes against the Constitution. Thus, ruling against majority opinion or judicial precedent is not necessarily judicial activism unless it is active specifically in terms of the Constitution. The phrase ‘judicial activism’ carries more than one connotation. In the Indian context, there has been a raging debate on the proper scope and limits of the judicial role – especially of that played by the higher judiciary which consists of the Supreme Court of India at the Centre and the High Courts in the various States that form the Union of India.

;The place of ‘judicial review’

While judicial review over administrative action has evolved on the lines of common law doctrines such as ‘proportionality’, ‘legitimate expectation’, ‘reasonableness’ and principles of natural justice, the Supreme Court of India and the various High Courts were given the power to rule on the constitutionality of legislative as well as administrative actions. In most cases, the power of judicial review is exercised to protect and enforce the fundamental rights guaranteed in Part III of the Constitution. The power of the Supreme Court of India to enforce these fundamental rights is derived from Article 32 of the Constitution. It gives citizens the right to directly approach the Supreme Court for seeking remedies against the violation of these fundamental rights. Besides the Supreme Court, the High Courts located in the various States are also designated as constitutional courts and Article 226 permits citizens to file similar writs before the High Courts. In Public Interest Litigation (PIL), the nature of proceedings itself does not exactly fit into the accepted common-law framework of adversarial litigation. In matters involving complex legal considerations, the Courts also seek the services of senior counsels by appointing them as amicus curiae on a case-by-case basis.

There are many ways to create a litigation hold on electronic data.

What are some of the potential benefits of trying to hold data in place? The most popular is to avoid making another copy of the data. Another benefit is speed and efficiency – that it’s faster and easier to “lock” the data in place than it is to create an entirely new copy. Also, even when terabytes of data are involved, the costs of storage remain inexpensive, making this benefit fairly nominal in practice for most cases.

On the other side of the analysis, there are many potential risks of attempting to hold data in place. In low-risk cases, where spoliation is not a significant concern, it may be efficient to merely hold the data in place.

Legal Hold – Balancing Risk of in Place Vs Collection

The English name Mugwort is believed to derive from the Old English ‘mycg’ (midge) and ‘wyrt’ (root or plant).

Network Marketing is a business built on momentum. You must have passion and excitement if want to attract people to you and your business. The process for a foreign citizen to legally acquire a green card and eventually become a legal naturalized citizen of the U.S. is difficult, time consuming, and expensive. The green card was originally called the Alien Registration Receipt Card, but it has recently been renamed the Permanent Resident Card. Originally the card was green in color but now the card is white with some green printing on the back. The green card is valid for a period of 10 years.The green card is issued to a foreign citizen as a response to a petition by an employer or a relative who is a U.S. citizen. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) issues the green card. The second step is to send the approved paperwork to the National Visa Center (NVC) where the petition waits for a visa number to become available. Only a limited number of visa numbers are available each year. After the appointment at the consulate and the approval of the petition, the foreign citizen is issued the Permanent Resident Card or green card. An application may wait for a long period of time if the applicant is from a country which sponsors a large number of applicants. After the petition receives a visa number the application is sent to the U.S. embassy or consulate and the citizen can then complete the appointment and receive their Permanent Resident Card or green card.The green card is valid for 10 years. The United States has a proud history of successful legal immigration.

The Los Angeles Times, in an article published on December 16, 2010 and entitled “One Toke Over The Line”, takes on Obama administration policy for legal marijuana and in particular R. Gil Kerlikowske, the Obama administration’s drug czar.

Legal Marijuana: The New Media Darling of Mainstream America

Evolution of Legal Framework:

Article 51A.

(g) to protect and improve the natural environment including forest, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.

;Article 21.

; The Article 21 falls under the Part III of the constitution of India, dealing with Fundamental Rights. The judicial effort has brought the right to clean environment within the domain of fundamental rights and therefore acknowledged the importance of clean and safe Environment.

Over the years a distinct branch of law called environmental law has emerged which concerns specifically with issues concerning our Environment.; The preservation of water bodies is one area of operation of Environment law. The laws have therefore been framed to preserve the water bodies around us like lakes.;

; Despite the legal system in place our Environment comprising of rivers, lakes and forests etc is facing an alarming threat of degradation and extinction.

DalLake – Socio-Legal Issues:

In order to arrive at the laws required to prevent death of Dal Lake the broad aspects of our social life that pose a threat to the existence of the Lake have to be understood. The major problems that threaten the life of the Dal Lake is encroachment and Pollution.

; According to ancient manuscripts the area of Dal Lake was about 75 Sq Km in 1200 AD. It is a slow process of conversion of the lake areas into land mass. The people in the vicinity of the Dal Lake have over the years in connivance with the Municipal Authorities raised construction over the lake area.

; The water quality in the Lake has become extremely bad. The cause of decline in the water quality is the high degree of flow of sewerage and other waste material into the Dal Lake. The tourists who come to admire the beauty of the world famous Dal Lake ultimately shit in it.

; The law for the protection of the environment does not permit draining out shit into the Dal Lake.

; The sewerage of house boats and adjoining areas has been flowing into the Dal Lake continuously over decades. Once the process is complete the lake can be refilled with fresh water through its naturally feeding sources. The process is possible because the depth of the Dal Lake is less i.e. around 6 M Maximum. The method was employed to clean the “Sukhna Lake” of Chadigrah in mid nineties.

; The Constitutional and legal system that has evolved over a period of time is alive to the need to protect our environmental assets.; It is the implementation of these laws that is crucial for better result.; In order to prevent encroachment over the Dal Lake the laws relating to the construction in urban area needs to be applied strictly.; The environmental laws like Prevention of Water Pollution Act has to be strictly applied in order to prevent the follow of sewerage into the Dal Lake.; It is not the law but the political and administrative will that needs to gear up in order to prevent the encroachment and pollution of the Dal Lake.

• The Govt. can undertake the process of the physical cleaning of the Dal Lake by first draining out the water of the Dal Lake on the pattern of the Sukhna Lake of the Chandigrah. It would clear the poisonous nutrient content, Azolla weeds, Sewerage and other solid waste of the lake.
• The law of building permission and urban construction needs to be applied strictly.;

For limited companies and limited liability partnerships the company name must be clearly stated in emails on web sites and on printed stationery such as bills, invoices and notices.

BITS can help you automatically insert these legal requirements into your email footers.

Business stationery requirements (Companies House)

Email footers and disclaimers

The law states that business websites must be accessible to disabled users. We recommend that if you are commissioning a new web site that your chosen provider is fully conversant with the legal requirements for disabled users.

Business Link: IT and E-commerce guides

Keeping it Legal – Regulations Concerning Company Communications

According to the United Nations cannabis is the most widely and frequently used illegal substance in the World.

Cannabis contains a number of psychoactive chemicals that produce feelings of relaxation and euphoria.; The main compound responsible for the effects of cannabis intoxication is delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, although several other compounds present in cannabis also have an effect on the body.

What do Time Magazine, The Nation Magazine, The Los Angeles Times, The New York Times and MSNBC all have in common? Each of these pillars of information distribution have dedicated time and space to the issue of legal marijuana in California and other areas of the country. The article “Altered State: California’s Pot Economy” by Sasha Abramsky, analyzes the future of distribution and packaging of legal cannabis in California.

The New York Times on November 13th 2010 published an article entitled “Backers of Legal Marijuana Find Silver Lining in Defeat of California Measure” that went into great detail on what the issues were that led to the defeat of Proposition 19 on November 2nd.

The Los Angeles Times, in an article published on December 16, 2010 and entitled “One Toke Over The Line”, takes on Obama administration policy for legal marijuana and in particular R. Gil Kerlikowske, the Obama administration’s drug czar. Mr Kerlikowske, in response to an annual survery that determined that teen marijuana consumption is on the rise among eighth through 12th-graders, was quoted as saying “Mixed messages about drug legalization, particularly marijuana, may be to blame.

The Los Angeles Times editorial went on to argue Kerlikowske’s point by citing another survey by the Congressional Research Service whose April 2010 findings examined studies comparing teen pot smoking in states with and without medical marijuana laws.

The prohibition of marijuana in the United States took a firm hold in the 1930′s.

Legal Marijuana: The New Media Darling of Mainstream America

Let’s say that reading ten pages of good material daily increased your knowledge.03 %.

Jeff Olson has applied this principle to his life and business and has had tremendous success.

Mr Jeff Olson – The #1 Prepaid Legal Company Icon

Certificate attestation is the most fundamental in which authorized personnel affirms the authenticity of a document by verifying its originality with his signature. Those individuals will undoubtedly go with the factor that defines the concept of exertion and time consumption, who been through this certificate legalization process to validate their documents.

The concept of certificate attestation is a signature or a symbol in itself for proving the originality of a document erasing the cloud of probable doubts. Then the authority member or figure declares that the certificates produced bears complete originality and not fake.

A non educational document that caters towards a passport, transcripts, photos, birth, marriage, death, registration details, mark lists, transfer and experience certificates too requires certificate legalization.; These documents with proper verification proves as a license for the individual on which he has expertise or practiced based on which he can further study or work.

If you have a criminal record, you have stressors in your life that people without criminal records cannot imagine.For example, if you have a criminal record and would like to travel outside Canada, it can be a long, frustrating process. 1) Enter Name – Search Free! Get a Free Case Review Today!

Limitations on travel are not the only difficulty that people with criminal records face. People with criminal records are often turned down for jobs or promotions. Finding a place to live can also be more difficult for people with criminal records, as many landlords are now conducting criminal record searches.